The Project aims to 1) enhance the support to Hong Kong local schools on assessment for learning of Chinese Language for NCS students; 2) find out the essential elements of threshold standards for immersion in Chinese Language lessons as well as reading competently and extensively in Chinese for NCS students; 3) investigate the different elements of threshold standards which should be assessed effectively in different learning domains of listening, speaking, reading and writing as well as Chinese character recognition and writing; 4) reveal how well the learning performance that NCS students’ should have, so as to meet the threshold standards for studying competently in Chinese Language lessons in Hong Kong local schools alongside their Chinese-speaking counterparts; 5) find out as if there are distinctive features in the performance of learning Chinese which due to differences in ethnic groups of language backgrounds; 6) provide suggestions which employ the principles on “assessment for learning” in improving curriculum planning and pedagogy strategies for teaching Chinese as a second language to NCS students.